Groundnuts

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://104.225.218.216/handle/123456789/14

Disease and Pest resistance, Drought Tolerance, Tolerance to low fertility soils, Yield improvement, Pre- and post-harvest management, upland and low land varieties, Nutrition enhancement.

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Quantitative Trait Analysis Shows the Potential for Alleles from the Wild Species Arachis batizocoi and A. duranensis to Improve Groundnut Disease Resistance and Yield in East Africa
(Agronomy, 2022-09-16) Danielle A. Essandoh; Thomas Odong; David K. Okello; Daniel Fonceka; Joël Nguepjop; Aissatou Sambou; Carolina Ballén-Taborda; Carolina Chavarro; David J. Bertioli; Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli
Diseases are the most important factors reducing groundnut yields worldwide. In East Africa, late leaf spot (LLS) and groundnut rosette disease (GRD) are the most destructive diseases of groundnut. Limited resistance is available in pure pedigree cultivated groundnut lines and novel sources of resistance are required to produce resistant new varieties. In this work, 376 interspecific lines from 3 different populations derived from crosses with the wild species A. duranensis, A. ipaënsis, A. batizocoi and A. valida were phenotyped for 2 seasons and across 2 locations, Serere and Nakabango, in Uganda. Several genotypes showed a higher yield, a larger seed, an earlier flowering, and similar resistance to the local cultivar checks. Genotypic data was used to construct a linkage map for the AB-QTL population involving the cross between Fleur11 and [A. batizocoi x A. duranensis]4x. This linkage map, together with the phenotypic data was used to identify quantitative trait loci controlling disease resistance. These lines will be useful in combining good agronomic traits and stacking disease resistance to improve the groundnut crop in sub-Saharan Africa.
Registration of ‘Naronut 1R’ groundnut
(Journal of Plant Registrations, 2022-10-26) David K. Okello; C. Michael Deom; Naveen Puppala
‘Naronut 1R’ (Reg. no. CV-150, PI 693985) is a high-yielding, Spanish-type ground- nut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris) cultivar with a red seed coat and two seeds per pod. The cultivar was selected from a cross between International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics advanced lines ‘ICGV-SM 90704’ and ‘ICGV-SM 86715’. Naronut 1R was developed for groundnut rosette disease resistance, late leafspot resistance, yield, red seed coat, and early maturity. Naronut 1R matures in 75–80 d after planting, compared with 90 d for the widely grown and popular landrace Erudu red (Spanish-type groundnut). Naronut 1R has much higher yields (1,473 kg ha−1) than Erudu red (554 kg ha−1). The overall groundnut rosette disease rating was 44% lower in Naronut 1R (2.8 disease rating) compared with Erudu red (5.0 disease rating). Similarly, the overall late leafspot disease rat- ing was 28% lower in Naronut 1R (3.6 disease rating) compared with Erudu red (5.0 disease rating). Similar to Erudu red, Naronut 1R seed testa is red, but the seed is larger. The sound mature kernel weight was 9.42% higher for Naronut 1R than for Erudu red. The shelling percentage for Naronut 1 was 49.3%, whereas Erudu red was 60%. Naronut 1R has lower protein (18.1 vs. 21.3%) and oil content (36.0 vs. 44.3%) than Erudu red. Naronut 1R will allow for broad adoption of a high yielding, early maturing, red seed coat cultivar that carries resistance to groundnut rosette disease and late leaf spot disease.

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Browsing Groundnuts by Author "David K. Okello"